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The Rupee Just Broke Past
₹90 Per Dollar: Here's
What's Up
Rupee hits ₹90 per dollar, marking one of the sharpest declines in recent years. This unexpected fall has raised concerns among investors, consumers, and policymakers.
- December 3, 2025
Rupee hits ₹90 per dollar, as the Indian currency takes a sharp dive on Wednesday, touching a record low of ₹90.25 against the US Dollar. Just a day earlier, it was at 80.96 — which was already significantly low.
This drop keeps a long slide going. The INR has lost over 5% just in 2025, making it the worst-performing currency in Asia this year. It went from ₹85 to ₹90 in just one year, quicker than the ₹80 to ₹85 fall we saw earlier.
Historical Context: How the Rupee Reached ₹90
This is not the first time the rupee has faced heavy pressure, but crossing ₹90 per dollar marks a psychological milestone. In 2013, during the taper tantrum, the rupee slipped past ₹68. During COVID in 2020, it weakened to around ₹76. By 2022, it crossed ₹80 for the first time.
What makes the current fall alarming is its speed. Moving from ₹85 to ₹90 in less than a year signals structural stress rather than short-term volatility. Analysts say rising US interest rates, slowing global growth, and weaker export demand are accelerating capital outflows from emerging markets like India.
₹90.25
Record Low vs USD
5%+
Loss in 2025
$17B
FII Outflow
$41.7B
Trade Deficit
INR/USD exchange rate trend showing steep decline in recent months
In the last five years, the rupee has had to deal with a bunch of global issues like the pandemic and the economic mess it caused, the Russia-Ukraine situation, the Israel-Gaza situation, the crypto crash, and the uncertainty after Donald Trump got back into the White House. All this has chipped away at the rupee's stability.
Why the Rupee Is Dropping: Rupee Hits ₹90 per Dollar Explained
Too many things happening at once
Foreign Investors Pulling Out
Foreign investors have pulled out almost $17 billion in 2025, which cancels out last year's investments. This selling of Indian stocks has dropped the demand for the rupee.
Less FDI and NRI Deposits
There's less foreign direct investment coming in, and even deposits from Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) usually a reliable source have been down lately.
Higher US Tariffs
The tariffs put in place by the Trump administration have really hurt Indian exports. Duties are up to about 50%, and a lot of Indian products are no longer sellable in the US market.
More Gold Imports
We're importing more gold again, which is widening the trade gap and putting more strain on our foreign exchange reserves.
A Huge Trade Deficit
India's trade deficit for October hit $41.7 billion, the highest ever, while exports dropped 12% compared to last year.
RBI Stepping Back
The Reserve Bank of India sold nearly $400 billion in foreign currency in FY25, but they've slowed down this year selling only $44 billion so far in FY26.
The Reserve Bank of India has scaled back its currency interventions
Global Factors Making Things Worse
Beyond domestic issues, global forces are playing a major role. The US Federal Reserve has kept interest rates high, attracting global capital back to dollar assets. This strengthens the dollar while weakening emerging market currencies.
Geopolitical tensions in Eastern Europe and the Middle East have also pushed investors toward safe-haven assets. Rising crude oil prices are another concern for India, which imports over 80% of its oil needs. Every $10 increase in crude adds billions to India’s import bill, directly pressuring the rupee.
What People Are Saying
Uday Kotak: Foreign Investors Are Calling the Shots
Uday Kotak: Foreign Investors Are Calling the Shots
Foreign investors seem to be in charge right now since domestic investors are still buying while overseas investors are selling. This should be a wake-up call for Indian businesses to think bigger.
Uday Kotak
Founder, Kotak Mahindra Bank
CEA Nageswaran: Not Too Worried
It will come back next year. Right now, it is not impacting inflation or exports. The drop is happening everywhere in emerging markets, not just here.
V. Anantha Nageswaran
Chief Economic Advisor, India
Should You Freak Out?
A weaker rupee changes things for everyday life
Imports Get Pricey
Stuff like electronics, fuel, foreign education, and trips abroad cost more.
Companies Might Feel It
Companies that need to import raw materials will have to pay more.
Good News for Exports
Businesses that export stuff might do better for a while.
Inflation Could Be a Problem
Even though the CEA says inflation is stable now, a weak rupee for too long could make things more expensive.
What Should Ordinary Indians Do Now?
For most people, panic is unnecessary, but planning becomes important. If you’re considering foreign travel or overseas education, booking currency early may help avoid further losses. Investors should avoid knee-jerk reactions and focus on long-term goals rather than short-term currency swings.
Businesses that rely on imports should review hedging strategies, while exporters may want to lock in favorable rates. For salaried individuals, higher fuel and electronics prices may slowly impact household budgets, making expense tracking more important in the coming months.
What Happens Next for the Rupee?
Economists believe the rupee’s future depends on three key factors: revival in exports, return of foreign investment, and RBI intervention. If global inflation cools and US rates peak, emerging markets could see capital inflows again.
The RBI still holds over $560 billion in forex reserves, giving it room to stabilize sharp movements. However, a sustained recovery will require stronger domestic growth and improved trade balances. Most forecasts suggest the rupee may stabilize between ₹88–₹92 in early 2026 unless global conditions worsen.
The Final Word
The rupee dropping past ₹90 per dollar is a big deal for India's economy. Some leaders are staying positive, but some problems are a bit deeper. Whether the rupee bounces back next year like the government hopes depends on getting trade back on track, bringing in foreign investment, and dealing with what's happening around the world.
FAQ
Quick Answers to Common Questions
Why did the rupee suddenly fall to ₹90?
Because of foreign investor selling, high US interest rates, record trade deficit, and weaker exports.
Will RBI intervene further?
Yes, RBI may step in if volatility increases, but it prefers gradual adjustment.
Does a weak rupee help India?
It supports exporters but hurts imports, fuel prices, and inflation.
Is ₹90 permanent?
Not necessarily. Currency cycles change depending on global flows.
How does this affect common people?
Higher prices for fuel, electronics, foreign travel, and education.
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